What is the Relationship between the Social Definition of Deviance and the Medias Role in the Dissemination of Popular Culture

What is the Relationship between the Social Definition of Deviance and the Medias Role in the Dissemination of Popular Culture News revealing is one of the main manners by which a general public finds out about itself. The primary capacity of news media is to offer mass crowd with data and record of occasions that happen on the planet. In any case, another less detectable capacity is to go about as an instrument of social control.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on What is the Relationship between the Social Definition of Deviance and the Media’s Role in the Dissemination of Popular Culture? explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The media assumes a noteworthy job in characterizing abnormality and incurring social controls, since it is the fundamental player in deciphering general suppositions and perspectives. In this specific job, it goes about as a kind of aberrance characterizing tip top that take a principle part in building dreams of steadiness, request and change and controlling the control rehearses that concur with these dreams. News media likewise specify wha t establishes aberrance. Over the span of the standard act of revealing news, media stations ideologically reinforce relations of administering, continuing the authoritative force development of the general public wherein they are settled in. The media likewise benefits the voices of those in genuine gatherings, for example, government officials over those of freak players. The force and social remaining of sources decides their believability, since correspondents rely on their goal translates, yet in addition different sources when making reports. News media manage imagining and, therefore, characterizing degenerate activities for their crowd. In the course, the news media also recreate sound ideas of network accord and social request. Moreover, the emphasis on aberrance manufactures an amusement approach that placates the business interests of news media gatherings. The TV news industry, mindful of its capacity in business diversion, fixates on vigorously hair-raising, emotional a nd stimulating portrayals to draw and support an expansive survey crowd. As Karl Max indicates, news media directs to masses through making bogus cognizance in the psyches of the watchers. News media are among the gatherings that meet the models of what Max Weber calls the disappointment of the contemporary world. Obviously, the job of news media in both dispersing and speaking to popular assessment and activity is most clear when providing details regarding abnormality, especially on sub social youth deviance.Advertising Looking for paper on sociologies? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The prevalence of TV reports that underline dark young people and viciousness shows how news media foundations help with forming the way toward picking, characterizing and coursing social issues to the general population. American movies like Juice and Fresh get national consideration since they feature the regular view that wrongdoing and v iciousness portray the lives of African-Americans. The media advances degenerate practices by depicting dark adolescents as pioneers of wrongdoing, viciousness and good rot, since even blameless youthful dark young people will in general receive these practices with the goal that they can live to cultural desires. Well known media has an important job in scattering various societies. It additionally prompts globalization, since much data concerning how individuals live radiates from portrayals of those gatherings in mainstream media. As Emile Durkheim clarifies, social realities begin from a delayed connection with others, broad communications and scholarly instruction. Consequently, regardless of whether such portrayals seem negative or positive, they have key social, political and social surmisings. The vast majority get data about wrongdoing and the criminal equity structure from the news and diversion media. We as a whole associate with broad communications or mainstream society relying upon angles, for example, our social setting, openings, needs and interests for presentation. However, we don't move toward the encounters of broad communications/mainstream society as void boxes. We as a whole connect with the media in spite of our varieties in age, race, ethnicity and sexual orientation. Taking everything into account, the media assumes a huge job in characterizing abnormality and incurring social controls, since it is a principle player in deciphering popular conclusions and perspectives. Besides, famous media has an important job in scattering various societies, since much data concerning how individuals live exudes from portrayals of those gatherings in well known media.

Competency Goal Functional Areas Essay Example for Free

Competency Goal Functional Areas Essay To set up and keep up a sheltered, solid learning condition. I keep kids sound by observing their wellbeing every day. I inquire as to whether they have any bloopers and if so how they got them and I put them on a day by day wellbeing list, I likewise do this via cautiously watching kids, looking for indications of ailment, ensuring vaccinations are state-of-the-art. I additionally keep youngsters sound by keeping the room clean. Youngsters are educated and ready to use sound judgment on the most proficient method to remain solid like washing hands in the wake of setting off to the washroom, cleaning out their nose or hacking into their hands, when we roll in from outside and before after lunch. I likewise guard kids by making and condition where youngsters gain the information that permits at that point to settle on suitable decisions. I ensure exercises are protected and formatively fitting. The kids are urging to use sound judgment by having conversations, giving exercises, and perusing books that discussion about wellbeing issues I attempt to make a fun and safe condition where kids can learn and develop. I give and age proper condition to the kids. I do this by setting up a week by week exercise plan, giving exercises to offspring of every single formative level. I have exercises that are for inside the study halls which are for net engine abilities, for example, bean sacks, instruments, move music, and all sizes of squares. I likewise have fine engine exercises, for example, enormous and little dabs to string, Lego’s, locking blossoms, stencils, scissors, colored pencil and markers. I additionally permit time for the youngsters to work on composing abilities like their names and letters likewise to draw lovely pictures. Competency Goal 1 Functional Area 1: Safe In request to help give a situation which is ok for the youngsters in my consideration, I do the accompanying to forestall and diminish wounds: I keep all tidying supplies and synthetic concoctions kept up and out of the children’s reach, to abstain from harming or different wounds. I am additionally ensured in First Aid and CPR which give me the information to deal with any wounds or mishaps. I know about the study hall and focus crisis departure methods if there should be an occurrence of a fire or other crisis. I keep up an effectively open and current rundown of crisis numbers and furthermore all the parent numbers. I assess all toys and gear, much of the time for the duration of the day to guarantee that they are alright for use. I show safe utilization of play area gear. Utilitarian Area 2: Healthy In request to give and condition that advances wellbeing, and forestalls disease and which shows kids great nourishment and practices that advances health, I do the accompanying: I keep the toys and the rooms clean. I wash my hands and wear gloves when dealing with food. I wear gloves if and when kids need assistance when setting off to the restroom, cleaning their noses; all together not spread germs. I additionally show the youngsters how to wash their hands in the wake of utilizing the washroom, cleaning their nose, rolling in from outside, while telling them that, it is to washing their hands. I additionally follow centers’ approaches for wiped out kids to keep different ailments from spreading all through the inside. I likewise read books about medicinal services and discussion about heading off to the Doctor and Dentist. I additionally share the significance of solid nourishments like products of the soil.

42 The Answer to Our Changing Educational Needs

42 The Answer to Our Changing Educational Needs Note: xTalks: Digital Discourses is a seminar series from the MIT Office of Digital Learning designed to facilitate awareness, deep understanding, and transference of educational innovations at MIT and elsewhere. Last week, I attended a fascinating xTalk by Lou Guenier,  Pedagogical Director at the 42 Silicon Valley engineering college. This blog post is a summary of the event. ____________________________________ At 12 years old, Lou Guenier left the French public education system. His travels led him to a remote Buddhist monastery in the Himalayas. In a place without electricity or Internet access, Lou realized the amazing possibilities of modern technology to transmit knowledge across the world. While at the monastery, he built a renewable energy device and an online platform for the monks to study and spread their ideas across the world.   According to Lou, every person today has potentially more impact on society than the President of the United States had twenty years ago. We live in a connected global environment, and with such immense power an important question arises: Is every person ready to have such an influence? Or is utilizing the power of the internet more like giving nuclear codes to children? Lou is now channeling his passion in technology to design a new educational system that gives students mastery of essential modern tools. He is leading the educational revolution. There are good reasons for the old system to be overhauled. Traditional educational systems provide little access to information, have limited global impact, promote repetitive work, and reward only productivity. This system is driven mostly by competition, and collaboration is often deemed to be cheating. All of these aspects date back to Italy in the 11th century. Amazingly, the educational model hasn’t changed much since then. Lou proposes a new system that takes advantage of modern technology, a system that provides constant access to information, makes global impact possible, allows for a personalized work path, and promotes innovation, collaboration, and collective intelligence. It questions the old approach: Why should we limit the technology-learner relationship? Why pretend there is only one solution to each problem? Why let others decide what questions we ask ourselves? Why learn skills we used to 50 years ago and, moreover, continue to learn the same skills as our neighbors and pretend to be the same? In order to solve complex global crises, we need to answer those questions and shift our thinking about the educational system. We need to become conscious of our environment and potential impact on the world. One way to promote this sort of learning is through École 42, an engineering university with no teachers, class years nor rankings, and no set program for students to follow. 42 is a physical space, but students do not have assigned seats and are encouraged to move between computers to work with different people. The space is open at all times so students can come in after their full-time commitments. 42 is a also a virtual place, with online gamified projects and personalized project maps. After taking base courses, students at 42 can branch out to learn what they need to succeed. To achieve their dreams, they can stay at school for as long as they want. The fastest student graduated in a year, while others keep coming back even after graduating, as new courses are added regularly. The most important piece of a 42 education is peer-to-peer interaction. Students must complete both individual projects with peer input and group projects. For the latter, team members all get the same grade, assigned by out-of-group peers, that reflects the abilities of the lowest-performing team member. This encourages everyone on the team to be knowledgeable about every aspect of the project. Together with their peers, students learn to diversify their sources of knowledge, process and filter enormous amounts of information and, by doing so, acquire critical thinking skills. Each person must find their own solution and forge their own learning path. And if they want to learn something outside of the existing 42 curriculum, they always have a say on what courses should be added. As the director of pedagogy in a school with no teachers, Lou’s job is to make new challenges available for students and push their boundaries of knowledge. His colleagues make it clear that 42 is about cutting-edge innovation rather than teaching. And that is why, even though tuition is free, the school is not made for everyone. In order to be accepted, students have to go through four weeks of problem-solving “boot camp,” with new challenges to resolve every day. If you can get through the four weeks in the “swimming pool” and not “sink,” you can become a part of something great. The kinds of students who succeed continue to push themselves throughout their time at 42. A popular challenge at the school is working for 48 hours straight on the campus computers. With such impressive perseverance, alumni can advance from having no software experience to employment in corporations like Uber and Amazon, as well as creation of their own start-ups. They do this without relying on the reputation of 42, which is not yet famous. Alumni have to build their own credibility. And this is definitely possible: 42 graduates are well-equipped for the workforce. They know how to collaborate and defend their projects. They are passionate about their work. And they know how to thrive in an environment that pushes for constant innovation. Lou’s passion is contagious, and his vision truly makes sense in our rapidly changing environment. According to him, “We are going through an educational revolution.” Lou wants to be a part of it as much as possible. So should we. Read posts about earlier Office of Digital Learning events  here, here, here, and here. Check out the ODL blog here. And learn more about 42 here and here.   Post Tagged #MIT Office of Digital Learning #xTalks

How Lactose Free Milk Is Made

If you avoid regular dairy products because of lactose intolerance, you can turn to lactose-free milk and other dairy products. Have you ever wondered what being lactose intolerant means or how the chemical is removed from milk? Lactose Intolerance Basics Lactose intolerance isnt an allergy to milk. What it means is that the body lacks sufficient amounts of the digestive enzyme lactase, which is needed to break down lactose or milk sugar. So if you suffer from lactose intolerance and ingest regular milk, the lactose passes through your gastrointestinal tract unaltered. While your body cant digest lactose, gut bacteria can use it, which release lactic acid and gas as products of the reaction. This leads to bloating and uncomfortable cramping. How Lactose Is Removed From Milk There are a few ways to remove lactose from milk. As youd guess, the more involved the process, the more the milk costs at the store. These methods include: Adding the enzyme lactase to milk, which essentially predigests the sugar into glucose and galactose. The resulting milk still contains the enzyme, so it is ultrapasteurized to deactivate the enzyme and extend the shelf life of the milk.Passing milk over lactase that is bound to a carrier. Using this procedure, the milk still contains the sugars glucose and galactose but not the enzyme.Membrane fractionation and other ultrafiltration techniques that mechanically separate lactose from milk. These methods completely remove the sugar, which better preserves milks normal flavor. Why Lactose-Free Milk Tastes Different If lactase is added to milk, the lactose breaks down into glucose and galactose. The milk contains no more sugar than before, but it tastes a lot sweeter because your taste receptors perceive glucose and galactose as sweeter than lactose. In addition to tasting sweeter, milk that is ultrapasteurized tastes different because of the extra heat applied during its preparation. How to Make Lactose-Free Milk at Home Lactose-free milk costs more than regular milk because of the additional steps required to make it. However, you can save most of the expense if you turn regular milk into lactose-free milk yourself. The easiest way to do this is to add lactase to the milk. Lactase drops are available at many stores or from online retailers, such as Amazon. The amount of lactose removed from the milk depends on how much lactase you add and how long you give the enzyme to react (usually 24 hours for full activity). If you are less sensitive to the effects of lactose, you dont need to wait as long, or you can save more money and add less lactase. Aside from saving money, one advantage to making your own lactose-free milk is that you wont get that cooked flavor of ultrapasteurized milk. Source Morr, C V, and S C Brandon. â€Å"Membrane Fractionation Processes for Removing 90% to 95% of the Lactose and Sodium from Skim Milk and for Preparing Lactose and Sodium-Reduced Skim Milk.†Ã‚  Journal of Food Science, U.S. National Library of Medicine, Nov. 2008.

Customer Service Services At The Service Provider Essay

According to Lucas (2009), great customer service is presented by knowledgeable, capable, and enthusiastic employees who deliver products and services to their customers and create consumer loyalty. From that point, it could be claimed that the best employees will build the best service which surpass customer expectation and the result of that action is when customer repurchase or talk to another potential customers. In short, customer service is the action when service provider gives customer what they desire. In addition, Gronroos (1983) proposed that service value is also affected by the service provider. In this case, the term ‘service provider’ can be defined as the company workers. Moreover, employees achieve the consumer satisfaction not only by the price but also by providing the excellent service. Different expectation comes from different customer and the satisfied result depends on the experience or purpose of each customer. By defining the different between c ustomer gender, customer age or level of customer social status, service provider can create perfect strategies to finish company profit goal which comes from customer loyalty budget. The important goal in achieving consumer loyalty is developing consumer satisfaction. By concentrate in customer service, company provides the best care, the great customer appreciation and the special atmosphere which comfort customer or create memorable experience and the result is that they want to reuse the service. 2.2.Show MoreRelatedService Quality And Customer Satisfaction Towards Cellular Service Providers1925 Words   |  8 PagesRESEARCH PROPOSAL SERVICE QUALITY AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION TOWARDS CELLULAR SERVICE PROVIDERS IN PAKISTAN Submitted by YUSRA BABAR B00298203 ABSTRACT The prosperity and achievement of any organization relies on several factors. Telecommunication sector aims to provide their customers with quality services. Companies giving quality services tend to struggle more in order to survive in service sector which in turn satisfy their customers. This study aims to examine the customer quality as a factorRead MoreAkamai, Leading Provider of Cloud Services, Offers Excellent Customer Service2797 Words   |  12 Pagesâ€Å"Akamai ® is the leading provider of cloud services for helping enterprises provide secure, high-performing user experiences on any device, anywhere (Akamai: Summary for, 2014).† Akamai Technology is headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. CEO: Dr. Tom Leighton has co-founded Akamai Technologies in 1998, and served as Akamai’s Chief Scientist for 14 years before becoming Chief Executive. Akamai offers an accelerated course on digital delivery. Akamai’s mission statement is, â€Å"To accelerateRead MoreCustomer Retention Strategies Used by Internet Service Providers in Kenya9467 Words   |  38 PagesCUSTOMER RETENTION STRATEGIES USED BY INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERS IN KENYA 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS PART ONE INTRODUCTION †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 1.1 Background †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 1.1.1 Customer Retention Strategies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4 1.1.2 Internet Service Providers †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..6 1.2 Research Problem †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...8 1.3 Objectives of t he Study †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 1.4 Importance of the Study †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦.10 PART TWO LITERATURE REVIEWRead MoreCanadian Chemical, A Global Provider Of Better Quality Products And Customer Service1209 Words   |  5 Pagesaffects on the construction industry with unemployment currently floating around 30%. Canadian Chemical, a global provider of better quality products and services is one of the many commercial construction companies that are experiencing problems. More construction companies are following a, â€Å"the low bidder gets the job,† mentality versus providing true quality products and customer service, which in return results in a company like Canadian Chemical to lose sales. TJ Wood who is th e Vice PresidentRead MoreMaximum Subscribers Consume Gb Data Essay1702 Words   |  7 Pagesmuch difference between postpaid and prepaid respondents. Also data consumption for postpaid subscribers is higher than prepaid subscribers. Users subscribe to CUG facility which helps them lower the voice calling bills. Subscribers are using data services more frequently now because smartphones are available at low cost and due to competition cost of data plans also has come down drastically. Also since application like WhatsApp are being used more frequently for communication, sharing images andRead MoreServices1390 Words   |  6 PagesModel of Service Quality 2 2-2 Variations of the Gaps Model Five Service Quality Gaps Variations of the Gaps Model Six Service Quality Gaps Variations of the Gaps Model 13 Service Quality Gaps (Gaps Model gone wild) Chapter Conceptual Framework of the Book: The Gaps Model of Service Quality ï‚ § The Customer Gap ï‚ § (Sometimes referred to as Gap 5) 2 ï‚ § The Provider Gaps: ï‚ § Gap 1 – The Listening Gap ï‚ § not knowing what customers expect ï‚ § Gap 2 – The Service Design andRead MoreHyper Converged Infrastructure For Service Provider1627 Words   |  7 PagesHyper-converged Infrastructure for Service Provider TOC GOES HERE ONCE PAPER COMPLETED About Stratoscale (In the TOC Page) Stratoscale is focused on leveraging technology to help IT teams, within the service provider, make better and more profitable usage of existing infrastructures. Service Provider data center requirements are growing at an ever-increasing pace. In response to this changing and challenging landscape, Stratoscale has built a hardware-agnostic hyper-converged software solution thatRead MoreCustomer Service Gap At Hilton1259 Words   |  6 PagesHospitality Management is a difficult and competitive market, and any lack in customer service can result in defecting customers or the termination of a relationship between a customer and a service provider. In this paper we will look at Hilton a company that has continually ranked amongst the top ranking hotels and continues to improve. Hilton’s customer service ranks as one of the top hospitality providers in the United States. We will look at the history of how Hilton came to be the name brandRead MoreA Firm s Reputation And Satisfa ction With Previous Interactions1526 Words   |  7 Pagesis determined by their compassion for their customers. Therefore, a client’s decision about the reputation of the firm can positively impact their judgment of the firm’s trustworthiness. Satisfaction is associated with an â€Å"emotional state arising from both a cognitive process of comparing customer’s expectations with perceptions of service performance and an evaluation of emotions experienced during the consumption experience (Johnson, 2005). Customer satisfactions is directly associated with feelingsRead MoreA Brief Note On Systems And Logistics Support Management1070 Words   |  5 Pagesorder to be successful in the market must deal with different resources for satisfying their customer need. In the past decade or so the competitive global market has made a big influence in the growing for external business. Third party logistics providers are more and more employing external companies for inve ntory management, transportation, warehousing, and other value added activities for customer services. Third party logistics ultimate goal is to provide a competitive advantage to the organization

Marketing to Baby Boomers Free Essays

string(113) " they may not have funds for future necessities like their own health care, and funds to take of their families\." The Baby Boomers generation is generally classified by the children born after World War II; specifically anyone born between 1946 and 1964. The veterans, as we know them today came back from war, settled down, got married and had children. This was a great time in America as their economy was improving vastly as opposed to other nations of the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing to Baby Boomers or any similar topic only for you Order Now It was a time of affluence, particularly in the Western side of the world. The â€Å"boom† describes the greatly increasing birth rate at these times. As seen in the following diagram, birth rates were higher than ever during 1946 and 1964, with a very close second in the late 1980’s and very early 1990’s. Currently, there are 78 million baby boomers in America, accounting for 40% of the adult population. This gives motivation to marketers to want to sell to this age segment. Persons 45 and older are responsible for 55% of the total consumer spending in the U. S. Marketers are striving to segment the market in such a way, that they will be able to target this age group and market directly to them. There is a vast difference in the ages of Baby Boomers. 1946 to 1964 accounts for a maximum age difference of 18 years. It is important to notice that those who are the older boomers, also called the ‘Golden Boomers’ would have different needs to be satisfied that those that are younger. This age segment can then be further segmented into the golden boomers who, today would be between the ages of 65 and 56, and the younger baby boomers being 55 and 47. Sub-Segmented Baby Boomers The maturing market segment as classified by Moschis, Lee, Mathur, Strautman, in their book â€Å"The Maturing Marketplace; Buying Habits of Baby Boomers and Their Parents†, can be broken down into four main categories. Firstly, there are the Healthy Indulgers (18%) who are the more affluent and focus more on enjoying life than their careers. They tend to engage in purchasing activities that revolve around their own independence. Secondly are the Healthy Hermits (36%) who have experienced some attitude-changing occurrence in life such as the death of a spouse, and are in turn socially withdrawn. Marketing strategies that focus on conformity work well amongst this segment as they try not to stand out. The following two categories are less affluent than the previously mentioned segments. They are also the segments that look forward to their own house or appartment, as opposed to the previous that intend to move into a retirement home or a nursing home. The third group are the Ailing outgoers. These represent 29 % of the baby boomers. These are people who have accepted their â€Å"old age† but are still willing to get the most out of life and tend to be influenced by money-saying incentives. Lastly are Frail Recluses (17%) who are very similar to the ailing outgoers, however they have accepted spirituality into their lives and keep high spirits through their strengthened faiths. Information that is very interesting to the marketer is that not all individuals stay in one group in their life time. A healthy hermit might be influenced to join a church and increase their knwoledge of faith, thus leading to a switch to be more likfe frail recluses. Also, these segments don’t have set boundaries, and persons are more likely to be classifed by one of those four sub-sections by leading, defining characteristics, rather than completely defined through all the expected qualities. The experiences that each person goes through is what really puts them in any particular group. The Baby- Boomer Misconception A problem that many companies face is their set perception of older generations. There is a stigma that they don’t really have an opinion on what they buy and they will buy the products anyway. This is a sure way to failure when having goods produced for this age segment. Another mistake commonly made by firms is the misconception that â€Å"Baby Boomers have never grown up. † They believe that when targeting to younger generations, the marketing will reach the baby boomers as well. Though baby boomers have been recently showing tendencies of younger generations that do not fit the general description of their age group, such as openness to new experiences, and engaging in activities that are health and fitness revolved, this is not a reason to assume they will be influenced by the same marketing schemes targeted at younger generations. What Nyren suggests from his text is that infomercials is the upcoming media for marketing toward baby boomers. This age segment has a longer attention span, and they want to know more information on the products they buy. More times than not, the television ads that last 30 seconds are perceptively dismissed, and would not have had any impact on them. Perhaps then, the companies that market to this segment, should redirect their marketing efforts toward 30 minute commercials. There is a stigma attached to infomercials that they are long air-time wasting nonsense that no one watches, and for the most part, it’s true; these are not the infomercials that would grab the attention of the baby boomer. They want to gain more knowledge. They want to be informed before making purchasing decision, and infomercials tend to give the time needed for explanations. The trick is indeed to find a way to captivate the target market’s attention. According to the authors of â€Å"The Maturing Marketplace†, the baby boomers are heavily influenced by price specials and reductions. These are likely to be in the their top considerations when making several types of purchases such as hotels, airlines or cruises. On the topic of travel, they majority notion is that they enjoy travelling, but do not have the funds for it. Also, they are concerned that if they do have the funds for it now, after the recession, and they spend it on this leisurely experience, that they may not have funds for future necessities like their own health care, and funds to take of their families. You read "Marketing to Baby Boomers" in category "Essay examples" In theory, an infomercial about a cruise that is targeted toward this age segment, that focuses on getting value for your money and having readily available medical attention is likely to be very effective. Purchasing Behaviour of Baby Boomers Marketers have to accept that marketing to any group with all the greatest efforts will still not always be as effective as one would like it to be. This is again because of one’s predisposition toward a product or message because of one’s experiences. A person who might have had a bad experience with a Russian individual may be inclined to stay away from products manufactured in Russia. However, marketers must still try to market these groups directly by attempting to find out their values and market their product in a way that would appeal to these values. Through much research, several values have been found that relate to baby boomers more than any other age segment. The first of many values is independence. This generation throughout time has redefined that age group at that time; they never stuck to their elder’s traditional values and beliefs. Whereas older generations tended to be more party-loyal with regards to politics, the baby boomer generation always had to know more about the parties, and the issues that affected them and that the parties stood for. Their independence also stemmed from the availability of options given to them that were not offered to their elders. They grew up in a time of affluence, and this ability for choice stuck with them throughout the years. This is an interesting value to be known by marketers as they would want to appeal to this. Positioning products in the minds of these consumers as giving them their independence, especially as they are now getting to a stage in their lives where they may require help, would be quite effective. A value that is held so dearly to the baby boomer is individualism. Again, stemming from their years being brought up, they were able to create their own paths, and basically be whoever they so chose. This is why life- insurance companies that offer customized plans do quite well. The individual wants to feel that their status is being considered, and that that they have choices with regards to costs and other aspects of a life- insurance plan. Another value is humanity. This is reflected in their desire for better customer service. A company with friendly, helpful staff is definitely much more appreciated than those without. Though this group highly upholds independence, they also want to know that when they go to purchase an item at a store, that they will be given the appropriate attention, and that the sales person would be competence in their field. The invention of the automated answering machine that are so popularly used by companies today are abhorred by this generation. They want to talk to a real person, who would assist them as necessary. These companies have implemented these answering machines to save on salaries. However, they are losing out on a lot more than that amount because people are straying away from that. They are taking their business elsewhere. Comfort is a value that is upheld by the baby boomers. They want products that will fit well into their lives. They want commodities that will be compatible with their routines. The marketer of a product such a diabetes testing machine, a product that would be necessary in their lives once diagnosed with diabetes, should position the product as easy to use, and quick. This is extended to other related values such as easily read literature on drugs. A marketer of a pharmacy should market his pharmacy as convenient for all their pharmaceutical needs. This then leads to the next value. Convenience is very important those in this age segment. Most of these values go hand in hand, though many marketers, as mentioned before, have the belief that this age segment is going to buy their products anyway. Baby boomers want the added convenience that they can be offered. When choosing a housing arrangement, they would to know that if needed, medical attention would be readily available and easy to attain. As mentioned previously, baby boomers take a lot of time when considering prices. Special deals and price reductions appeal to them a lot; money- saving incentives such as coupons, rebates and acceptance of various discount cards are considered by the baby boomers when deciding on what product to purchase. Youthfulness seems to be quite important today to the baby boomers. This however is sometimes misunderstood. The Baby boomers want to be healthy, and fit at their age. They are comfortable with the age that they are at, however, they want to be able to enjoy their lives to the fullest. This is why many belong to health and fitness clubs. The misconceptions lies in the thought that they want to dress like younger generations, and involve themselves in activities typical of generation xers and younger; this is certainly not true. They don’t want to engage in the activities, but they want the feeling of being younger. They want that their age not be a limitation to the sense of thrill and excitement that they would have felt when they were younger. The baby boomers want to feel secure. Security is a great need of baby boomers. However, they require different types of security; financial security, home security, security of mind with regards to their health. Financial services marketed to the baby boomers have to take into consideration the various segments of baby boomers. For example, brokerage firms specifically target healthy hermits. The home security marketers would target the more affluent of the baby boomers because they would have their homes and their valuable items to secure. Again, health security is one that is gained through comfort of mind. Firms targeting baby boomer health would be successful with tactics employing round- the- clock ambulance services. Life Alert is a company that does quite well because of its attention to the security that that age segment requires. Though older generations than baby boomers would be more appealed to such an item, the older baby boomers are retiring and want that peace of mind that comes that is satisfied by Life Alert. A value that is well- known through the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs if self-actualization. Baby boomers tend to be intrinsically motivated; they are interested in engaging in activities that will give them insight to themselves. They are still searching for what makes them them and they are impacted by advertising focused on this need. Future Expectations of The Baby Boomer Segment By 2029, the last of the baby boomers would turn 65 and are likely to represent 16% of the population. Currently, the oldest baby boomers are entering retirement, and as they represent 25% of the population, 18 years of pension payments are to be paid. The concern of many is that the payment of these pensions would be a burden on younger generations. Marketing toward their independence would bring great returns as they would feel like burdens to society. Health- insurance companies and financial service companies should target this segment now, in a way that would appeal to their secure futures. Beachbody and Baby Boomers The image above is one of the many that are found in the testimonials for Beach Body’s well-known fitness program, P90X. The woman seen above is Mary Crawford, who was a 61 year old out of shape, complacent woman. She used the beachbody products over the course of two years, starting with the Power 90 series, then on to the Power 90 Master series, and then started the P90X program. The infomercial for this program can be seen on a variety of cable stations that describe how high- impact it really is. Typically, one would not assume that a woman of 60+ would want to engage in such an activity. However, that is the view that is making marketers failures. Those were the opinions of baby boomer’s elders. Today’s 47- 65 year old cohorts are willing to do what it takes to be fit and healthy. Team Beach Body is appeals to the baby boomers in several ways. Firstly, it appeals to their desire for the feeling of youth. Being healthy and fit is a major need for these people and they are able to attain this through beachbody’s programs. Secondly, it appeals to their value of comfort. Beachbody offers an array of products for different levels of fitness. Like Ms. Crawford, someone would be able to go from very low fitness to an able- bodied, fit person. The infomercials are highly effective among this group because of its expansion on the product. It gives detailed descriptions of how the program works and how it is different from other programs. Also, Tony Horton, the creator of P90X has a sense of care to him. He seems to truly care about the people he is helping with his product, and this is important to the baby boomers. He too, being born in 1958 is a baby boomer as such is an inspiration to other baby boomers. He is a sought after trainer to many. His infomercial is one that was able to catch the attention of many because unlike other infomercial that promise quick results with little effort, Tony Horton explains how the P90X program is a high intensity one that requires time and effort. At first, to a marketer, this seems almost blasphemous. However, it has proven to be effective. The baby boomers, being information seekers, want to gain information on products before purchasing. Tony Horton was able to present his program with extensive information and be honest, and that is what caught the attention of many. References https://www.beachbody.com/text/success/2008/gamewinners/ss_maryc.html http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-11-18/beachbody-thinking-beyond-the-infomercial.html How to cite Marketing to Baby Boomers, Essay examples

Sleepin Disorders Essay Example For Students

Sleepin Disorders Essay Sleeping ApneaApproximately 30 million Americans are victims of a sleep disorder called Obstructive sleep apnea. Man millions more are predisposed and have a high risk of developing the illness. If you are and adult male, the odds are about 50/50 that your breathing is not normal when you are sleeping. What is Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)?OSA is a recurrent episode during sleep when their throat closes and they cannot suck air into their lungs. This happens because the muscles that normally hold the throat open during wakefulness relax during sleep and allow it to narrow. When the throat is partially closed and/or the muscles relax too much, trying to inhale will suck the throat completely closed and air cannot pass at all. This is an obstructive sleeping apnea episode. A cessation of breathing must last 10 seconds or more to be called an apnea. Obstructive apnea episodes can last as long as two minutes and are almost always associated with a reduction in the level of oxygen in the blood. When an individual is in the midst of an obstructive sleep apnea episode, as long as sleep continues, the apnea continues. It is only terminated and waking up saves the victims life. This arousal instantly increases the activity of the muscles of the tongue and throat muscles that enlarge the airway. The victim will be able to breathe and to once again fill the lungs with life-giving oxygen. This cycle may be repeated hundreds of times a night while the suffer has no idea it is happingHow serious is OSA? Depending on the degree of severity, OSA is a potentially life threatening condition. Some one who has undiagnosed severe obstructive sleep apnea is likely to have a heart attack, a stroke, cardiac arrest during sleep, or a harmful accident. In addition, awakening to breathe hundreds of times in a single night causes the victim to become very sleep deprived. There is a constant risk of serious accidents such as falling asleep while driving as well as impaired function in the workplace. Untreated OSA tends to progressively worsen and sooner or later will result in partial or complete disability and death. These are some of the symptoms that OSA victims face. Cardinal Symptoms: Fatigue and tiredness during the day, loud snoring. Common features are: Obesity, Small jaw, thick neck, High blood pressure, Restless sleep, Depressed mood and/or irritability, Reduced sex drive and impotence, Snorting, gasping, chocking during sleep, difficulty concentrating, A dry mouth upon awakening, Excessive perspiration during sleep, Heartburn, Rapid weight gain, Memory lapses, Change in personality, and frequent nocturnal urination.

Volleyball Essay Example For Students

Volleyball Essay Title:Blocking in Volleyball Essay Description: Blocking in Volleyball Blocking is a very important defensive aspect of volleyball at higher levels. Blocking is one of the hardest skills to learn, and does not always show direct results. The Body: We will write a custom essay on Volleyball specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Blocking in Volleyball Blocking is a very important defensive aspect of volleyball at higher levels. Blocking is one of the hardest skills to learn, and does not always show direct results. The block serves four basic functions. The first is to stop the ball, and hopefully return it to the opponents side for a point or side out. The second is to eliminate as a much of the court for the opposing hitter to hit into, also making the court easier for the back row to defend. The third is to deflect the ball up so that it can be used for an attack. The last function is to force the use of a secondary (possibly weaker) hitter, or a secondary hit such as a tip or half hit. The basics of the block begin at the feet. The feet should be parallel, about fourteen inches from the net, and about shoulder width apart. The weight should be on the inside of the feet, with more weight on the foot opposite the direction of the most likely movement. Knees should be slightly bent. Hands should always be kept at shoulder height, elbows flexed, and the forarms should be parallel to the net. Prior to jumping a half squat position should be assumed, with back straight, leaning slightly to the net. Ater jumping hands should go up and slide over the net as far as possible. The arms and hands should be rigid, with thumbs upward and fingers spread apart. Before contact, the arms, shoulders, and hands should be turned inward to the center of the court. The body should pike. The hands should be open to surround, and try to catch the ball. There are two main methods of movement. These include the side step and the crossover. The side step is meant for covering a short distance. The body stays square to the net. The foot closest to the direction of the movement moves first. The outer foot then follows sliding back to a shoulder width position. Setting the block involves several variables. These include the distance of the set from the net, height of the set, attacker, angle of hitters approach, what hand the hitter uses, and lastly the position of the attacking arm and elbow in relationship to the ball. Body position is also important in setting the block. The blocker should not be too close to the net, but should not be further than fourteen inches. The outside blocker is responsible for setting the outside of the block in a multiple block. He should set up no closer than one arms length from the antennae, thus reducing the chances of a brush off. The offside (left) blocker should keep their left hand on the setters face, this will reduce the chances of the setter dumping succesfully. 1} There are seven key points in the blocking sequence: -Verbally identify attack options before serve -watch first pass and asses setters options -get into position -time the jump -pike and press to opposite corner of court -lock elbows after hitter has committed to a direction Some common mistakes in blocking are not penetrating the net, not closing the block, fading or drifting past the hitter, and touching the net. A basic drill to start out with is a stationary block. By having someone on a box or chair acting as a hitter, athletes can get used to blocking. The ball will be hit in the same direction each time. The blocker can get used to keeping the hands high, keeping their eyes open, and going after the ball. .ua2fd921a5b42be8c4648f8a907692ea3 , .ua2fd921a5b42be8c4648f8a907692ea3 .postImageUrl , .ua2fd921a5b42be8c4648f8a907692ea3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua2fd921a5b42be8c4648f8a907692ea3 , .ua2fd921a5b42be8c4648f8a907692ea3:hover , .ua2fd921a5b42be8c4648f8a907692ea3:visited , .ua2fd921a5b42be8c4648f8a907692ea3:active { border:0!important; } .ua2fd921a5b42be8c4648f8a907692ea3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua2fd921a5b42be8c4648f8a907692ea3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua2fd921a5b42be8c4648f8a907692ea3:active , .ua2fd921a5b42be8c4648f8a907692ea3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua2fd921a5b42be8c4648f8a907692ea3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua2fd921a5b42be8c4648f8a907692ea3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua2fd921a5b42be8c4648f8a907692ea3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua2fd921a5b42be8c4648f8a907692ea3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua2fd921a5b42be8c4648f8a907692ea3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua2fd921a5b42be8c4648f8a907692ea3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua2fd921a5b42be8c4648f8a907692ea3 .ua2fd921a5b42be8c4648f8a907692ea3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua2fd921a5b42be8c4648f8a907692ea3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: To Kill A Mockingbird: Childhood Experience Essay It is important that the foot work becomes natural. By moving along the net practicing the blocking movements blockers can develop efficiency and balance. To develop timing and adjustment making abilities the 2} over the head drill can be used. In this the coach stands on the blockers side. He then tosses the ball over the net to the opposing hitter. The block must then adjust to where the ball is going and front the hitter. To develop some . Volleyball Essay Example For Students Volleyball Essay Volleyball Essay The sport of volleyball was created by a man named William G. Morgan of Holyoke, Massachusetts in 1895. Morgan was a physical education teacher at the YMCA and called it mintonette. It was an indoor or outdoor pastime that had characteristics of both handball and tennis. The first rules were written down by Morgan himself. He wrote that the game called for a 6 foot 6 inch net and a court of 2550 feet. A match composed of 9 innings and 3 serves for each team in each inning. In case of a serving error they got a second chance just like in tennis. If the ball it the net on a serve it was considered a foul and it caused a side out or a point was taken away. In 1896 after a demonstration at the YMCA in Springfield and the name Mintonette was replaced with the name Volleyball. In 1900 the rules were modified and the height of the net went up to 7 feet 6 inches. We will write a custom essay on Volleyball specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Also a match length was set at 21 points. Also in 1900 Canada was the first foreign country to adopt the game of Volleyball. In 1906 the country of Cuba discovered volleyball thanks to Thanks to a North American army officer named Agusto York who took part in the second military intervention. In 1908 volleyball reached Japan. Hyozo Omori a graduate at Springfield college in the United States who was the first to demonstrate the rules of the game at the YMCA in Tokyo. In 1910 volleyball officially landed in China. Between 1912 and now many of the rules changed and changed again. In 1924 it was demonstrated at the Olympics in Paris under the show of American sports. In 1938 the Chzechs perfected blocking and was officially introduced to the rules. In 1942 William G. Morgan the creator of volleyball died at the age of 68. He felt no jealousy when the sport he created grew and developed. In 1945 the first volleyball postage stamp was released in Romania. In 1947 Egypt was the first Arab and African country to organize a national federation. In 1952 the first womens world championship was held in Moscow and won by the USSR. In 1960 the first World Championship for men was held outside of Europe in Brazil. In 1965 the first world cup was held in Poland and was won by the USSR. In 1973 the first womens world cup was played in Uruguay and was won by the USSR. In 1976 at the Olympics in Montreal Poland won the Mens division and Japan the womens. In 1986 USA won the first mens World Championships. China took the womens Gold. Beach Volleyball was also first recognized. In 1987 the first Beach volleyball world championship was played in Ipanema, Brazil. Ever since a lot of these events volleyball has grown in popularity and is now played world wide and both mens and womens clubs and organizations play at national and international tournaments. At this time in Southern California volleyball is as serious as the winter games in Finland. Both Boys and girls compete year round and the competition is fierce. Not to far behind is the Northern California Volleyball association. The NCVA has put out many of the nations greatest. Many injuries that occur with volleyball run from Bruises to breaks. The most common are ankle or knee injuries since a lot of stop and go and jumping. Often muscles are pulled in the shoulders and back. In volleyball injuries are all too common. Whether its landing wrong or player collision injuries and volleyball players go together like rain and water. Often you may see a girl with bruises all over her knees and elbows but its just from the game or practice she recently had. Volleyball may seem like a less exsausting sport compared to basketball but in Volleyball muscles are constantly stopping and going and movements are very prisice and sharp. A player has to be almost lightning fast and and in deep concentration. .u76bd233907ccdd2b5e39cc01a74c9da4 , .u76bd233907ccdd2b5e39cc01a74c9da4 .postImageUrl , .u76bd233907ccdd2b5e39cc01a74c9da4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u76bd233907ccdd2b5e39cc01a74c9da4 , .u76bd233907ccdd2b5e39cc01a74c9da4:hover , .u76bd233907ccdd2b5e39cc01a74c9da4:visited , .u76bd233907ccdd2b5e39cc01a74c9da4:active { border:0!important; } .u76bd233907ccdd2b5e39cc01a74c9da4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u76bd233907ccdd2b5e39cc01a74c9da4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u76bd233907ccdd2b5e39cc01a74c9da4:active , .u76bd233907ccdd2b5e39cc01a74c9da4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u76bd233907ccdd2b5e39cc01a74c9da4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u76bd233907ccdd2b5e39cc01a74c9da4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u76bd233907ccdd2b5e39cc01a74c9da4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u76bd233907ccdd2b5e39cc01a74c9da4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u76bd233907ccdd2b5e39cc01a74c9da4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u76bd233907ccdd2b5e39cc01a74c9da4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u76bd233907ccdd2b5e39cc01a74c9da4 .u76bd233907ccdd2b5e39cc01a74c9da4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u76bd233907ccdd2b5e39cc01a74c9da4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Civil Disobedience Essay Focus and playing smart are the keys to being a successful Volleyball player. Many of the most competitive players work out every day of the week to increase . Volleyball Essay Example For Students Volleyball Essay The proper technique for a forearm pass is to be in the ready position, which is with arms at 90 degrees from your body. You bend at the waist with your We will write a custom essay on Volleyball specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now shoulders forward and hips are back. Keep a 90 degree angle between arms and your upper body. Your legs should also be bent. My forearm pass wasnt as good as the one in the video. My arms were not straight. I needed them at a forty five degree angle. My thumbs together and down were really good. The video had a good follow through for good accuracy. I also had a good follow through. My ball contact against my forearm felt good. I hit the ball on my forearms on almost every time! I usually hit it over the net. Every time I hit the ball I bent my knees. I think this is mandatory to hit the ball accurate and straight. If you dont bend your knees you will definently not get the accurate results you want when you hit the ball. Being alert and in ready position is good. When you are in this position you can always be ready to hit the ball straight and accurate. Being ready is very important in all sports because you should always be alert. I think I overall did good in the Volleyball Essay assessment. I will grade myself a 3 or a B. I did this because I almost always did everything right. Every once in a while I would screw up, but when I did my forearm pass assessment I did good. I would give myself an A for the effort grade though because I tried hard. I think I deserved a good grade on the assessment forearm pass for volleyball. I thought that the volleyball sport was fun this year. I enjoyed doing that a lot. . Volleyball Essay Example For Students Volleyball Essay Title:Blocking in Volleyball Essay Description: Blocking in Volleyball Blocking is a very important defensive aspect of volleyball at higher levels. Blocking is one of the hardest skills to learn, and does not always show direct results. The Body: We will write a custom essay on Volleyball specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Blocking in Volleyball Blocking is a very important defensive aspect of volleyball at higher levels. Blocking is one of the hardest skills to learn, and does not always show direct results. The block serves four basic functions. The first is to stop the ball, and hopefully return it to the opponents side for a point or side out. The second is to eliminate as a much of the court for the opposing hitter to hit into, also making the court easier for the back row to defend. The third is to deflect the ball up so that it can be used for an attack. The last function is to force the use of a secondary (possibly weaker) hitter, or a secondary hit such as a tip or half hit. The basics of the block begin at the feet. The feet should be parallel, about fourteen inches from the net, and about shoulder width apart. The weight should be on the inside of the feet, with more weight on the foot opposite the direction of the most likely movement. Knees should be slightly bent. Hands should always be kept at shoulder height, elbows flexed, and the forarms should be parallel to the net. Prior to jumping a half squat position should be assumed, with back straight, leaning slightly to the net. Ater jumping hands should go up and slide over the net as far as possible. The arms and hands should be rigid, with thumbs upward and fingers spread apart. Before contact, the arms, shoulders, and hands should be turned inward to the center of the court. The body should pike. The hands should be open to surround, and try to catch the ball. There are two main methods of movement. These include the side step and the crossover. The side step is meant for covering a short distance. The body stays square to the net. The foot closest to the direction of the movement moves first. The outer foot then follows sliding back to a shoulder width position. Setting the block involves several variables. These include the distance of the set from the net, height of the set, attacker, angle of hitters approach, what hand the hitter uses, and lastly the position of the attacking arm and elbow in relationship to the ball. Body position is also important in setting the block. The blocker should not be too close to the net, but should not be further than fourteen inches. The outside blocker is responsible for setting the outside of the block in a multiple block. He should set up no closer than one arms length from the antennae, thus reducing the chances of a brush off. The offside (left) blocker should keep their left hand on the setters face, this will reduce the chances of the setter dumping succesfully. {1} There are seven key points in the blocking sequence: -Verbally identify attack options before serve -watch first pass and asses setters options -get into position -time the jump -pike and press to opposite corner of court -lock elbows after hitter has committed to a direction Some common mistakes in blocking are not penetrating the net, not closing the block, fading or drifting past the hitter, and touching the net. A basic drill to start out with is a stationary block. By having someone on a box or chair acting as a hitter, athletes can get used to blocking. The ball will be hit in the same direction each time. The blocker can get used to keeping the hands high, keeping their eyes open, and going after the ball. .u5ef58321c92aee54dcce853962f6584f , .u5ef58321c92aee54dcce853962f6584f .postImageUrl , .u5ef58321c92aee54dcce853962f6584f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5ef58321c92aee54dcce853962f6584f , .u5ef58321c92aee54dcce853962f6584f:hover , .u5ef58321c92aee54dcce853962f6584f:visited , .u5ef58321c92aee54dcce853962f6584f:active { border:0!important; } .u5ef58321c92aee54dcce853962f6584f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5ef58321c92aee54dcce853962f6584f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5ef58321c92aee54dcce853962f6584f:active , .u5ef58321c92aee54dcce853962f6584f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5ef58321c92aee54dcce853962f6584f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5ef58321c92aee54dcce853962f6584f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5ef58321c92aee54dcce853962f6584f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5ef58321c92aee54dcce853962f6584f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5ef58321c92aee54dcce853962f6584f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5ef58321c92aee54dcce853962f6584f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5ef58321c92aee54dcce853962f6584f .u5ef58321c92aee54dcce853962f6584f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5ef58321c92aee54dcce853962f6584f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Lymphoma Essay It is important that the foot work becomes natural. By moving along the net practicing the blocking movements blockers can develop efficiency and balance. To develop timing and adjustment making abilities the {2} over the head drill can be used. In this the coach stands on the blockers side. He then tosses the ball over the net to the opposing hitter. The block must then adjust to where the ball is going and front the hitter. To develop some . Volleyball Essay Example For Students Volleyball Essay History The sport of Volleyball Essay originated in the United States, and is now just achieving the type of popularity in the U.S. that it has received on a global basis, where it ranks behind only soccer among participation sports. Today there are more than 46 million Americans who play volleyball. There are 800 million players worldwide who play Volleyball at least once a week. In 1895, William G. Morgan an instructor at the Young Mens Christian Association (YMCA) in Holyoke, Mass., decided to blend elements of basketball, baseball, tennis, and handball to create a game for his classes of businessmen which would demand less physical contact than basketball. He created the game of Volleyball (at that time called mintonette). Morgan borrowed the net from tennis, and raised it 6 feet 6 inches above the floor, just above the average mans head. We will write a custom essay on Volleyball specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now During a demonstration game, someone remarked to Morgan that the players seemed to be volleying the ball back and forth over the net, and perhaps volleyball would be a more descriptive name for the sport. On July 7, 1900 at Springfield College the first game of volleyball was played. In 1900, a special ball was designed for the sport. Volleyball can be played indoors and outdoors. It was adopted as an indoor Olympic sport in 1964 at Tokyo. In 1984 the United States men and women won their first Olympic Volleyball medals. In 1996, two-person beach volleyball was approved as an Olympic Sport. Todays NCAA Volleyball is more popular and exciting than ever. Some top collegian programs include Long Beach State, Penn State, BYU, UCLA, Hawaii and Stanford. Some of the best players ever to play the sport include Karch Kiraly, Gabrielle Reese, Sinjin Smith, Misty May and Ryan Millar. Today the game of volleyball requires team strategies and highly refined individual skills. Outdoor volleyball, which is played with two or four people for each side, is becoming more and more popular across the nation Overview A typical volleyball game lasts about 25 minutes. It is a team sport played by two teams consisting of six people on a playing court divided by a net. The object of the game is for each team to send the ball regularly over a net in order to ground it on the opponents side, and to prevent the opponents from doing the same. The ball is put into play by the right back row player who serves the ball into their opponents court. The rally continues until the ball is grounded on the playing court, goes out or a team fails to return it properly. Only the team, which is serving, can score a point. The players are split into back and front row; the players in the front are usually the key hitters and the ones who will get the ball passes/set to. The players in the back row normally concentrate on defense and passing the ball to the setter who is the main person in the offensive attack. A team wins a game by scoring 15 points with a two-point advantage; and the match by winning the best three of five games. In a deciding, fifth game, which is called a rally game, a point is scored no matter which team is serving. A team earns a point when serving and when they side-out. Rules A team is allowed to hit the ball three times (not counting a block contact) to return it to the opponents court. A player may not catch, lift, scoop, or throw the ball. They also may not hit the ball twice consecutively when attempting a pass or block. In a regular volleyball game, only the serving team may score a point. A player may serve anywhere behind the backline, but between the courts boundary/side lines. A point is scored if the serving team wins the rally. If the serving team does not win the rally then it is a side-out to the other team. When the receiving team wins a rally, it gains the right to serve, and its players rotate one position clockwise. For instance, the player in the right back move to middle back, the player in left back moves to left front. .ub5b84d1fb1922e6b34527e2ec138f719 , .ub5b84d1fb1922e6b34527e2ec138f719 .postImageUrl , .ub5b84d1fb1922e6b34527e2ec138f719 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub5b84d1fb1922e6b34527e2ec138f719 , .ub5b84d1fb1922e6b34527e2ec138f719:hover , .ub5b84d1fb1922e6b34527e2ec138f719:visited , .ub5b84d1fb1922e6b34527e2ec138f719:active { border:0!important; } .ub5b84d1fb1922e6b34527e2ec138f719 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub5b84d1fb1922e6b34527e2ec138f719 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub5b84d1fb1922e6b34527e2ec138f719:active , .ub5b84d1fb1922e6b34527e2ec138f719:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub5b84d1fb1922e6b34527e2ec138f719 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub5b84d1fb1922e6b34527e2ec138f719 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub5b84d1fb1922e6b34527e2ec138f719 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub5b84d1fb1922e6b34527e2ec138f719 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub5b84d1fb1922e6b34527e2ec138f719:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub5b84d1fb1922e6b34527e2ec138f719 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub5b84d1fb1922e6b34527e2ec138f719 .ub5b84d1fb1922e6b34527e2ec138f719-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub5b84d1fb1922e6b34527e2ec138f719:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Christopher Columbus Essay Rotation ensures that players play both the front row and the back .

Free Essays on Court Packing

On February 5, 1937, with little to no warning, President Franklin D. Roosevelt surprised the nation by announcing a program that would later be known as his â€Å"court-packing scheme.† He proposed judicial reforms, drafting a bill that proposed a reorganization of the Supreme Court, which drew widespread complaints of packing the bench. His plan was not entirely new, as he stated in his â€Å"Fireside Chat on Reorganization of the Judiciary,† on March 9, 1937. He stated that, â€Å"Normally, every president appoints a large number of District and Circuit Court Judges and a few members of the Supreme Court. Until my first term, practically every President of the United States has appointed at least one member of the Supreme Court.† He explained that President Taft had appointed five members, President Wilson had appointed three, and President Harding had appointed four, including a Chief Justice. President Coolidge had appointed one justice, and President Hoover had appointed three, including a Chief Justice. His plan for reorganization was merely a revival of a plan suggested by Justice McReynolds, himself, when he was Attorney General of the United States. In his â€Å"Fireside Chat,† it appears that Roosevelt appealed to the American people for their aid in passage of this bill. He stated, â€Å" It is the American people themselves who are in the driver’s seat. It is the American people themselves who want the furrow plowed. It is the American people themselves who expect the third horse to pull in unison with the other two.† The third horse that he referred to was the Courts. He described the American form of Government as a three-horse team provided by the Constitution to the American people â€Å"so that their field might be plowed.† He believed that the other two â€Å"horses,† the Congress and the Executive Branch, were â€Å" pulling in unison today; the third horse is not,† meaning that the Courts were severely behin... Free Essays on Court Packing Free Essays on Court Packing On February 5, 1937, with little to no warning, President Franklin D. Roosevelt surprised the nation by announcing a program that would later be known as his â€Å"court-packing scheme.† He proposed judicial reforms, drafting a bill that proposed a reorganization of the Supreme Court, which drew widespread complaints of packing the bench. His plan was not entirely new, as he stated in his â€Å"Fireside Chat on Reorganization of the Judiciary,† on March 9, 1937. He stated that, â€Å"Normally, every president appoints a large number of District and Circuit Court Judges and a few members of the Supreme Court. Until my first term, practically every President of the United States has appointed at least one member of the Supreme Court.† He explained that President Taft had appointed five members, President Wilson had appointed three, and President Harding had appointed four, including a Chief Justice. President Coolidge had appointed one justice, and President Hoover had appointed three, including a Chief Justice. His plan for reorganization was merely a revival of a plan suggested by Justice McReynolds, himself, when he was Attorney General of the United States. In his â€Å"Fireside Chat,† it appears that Roosevelt appealed to the American people for their aid in passage of this bill. He stated, â€Å" It is the American people themselves who are in the driver’s seat. It is the American people themselves who want the furrow plowed. It is the American people themselves who expect the third horse to pull in unison with the other two.† The third horse that he referred to was the Courts. He described the American form of Government as a three-horse team provided by the Constitution to the American people â€Å"so that their field might be plowed.† He believed that the other two â€Å"horses,† the Congress and the Executive Branch, were â€Å" pulling in unison today; the third horse is not,† meaning that the Courts were severely behin...

Using Image And Video Can Affect Student Learning Outcomes Essay

Using Image And Video Can Affect Student Learning Outcomes - Essay Example With experimentation during learning, students have a feeling of ownership of their learning and enhance the motivation to learn even more since most students see experiments in science as being much enjoyable compared to classes without practical tests. A student can make logic out of a topic, the reason the methods of practice creating a real phenomenon in the learning environment. Through practicing and seeing problems, students are motivated to develop a critical attitude towards issues enabling them to come up with real-time solutions for them. Practical work can up a student’s ability to conceptualize scientific facts and theories especially if the actual experimentation can illustrate and ultimately affirm the theory. As students participate in practical work, they involve themselves. Experiments in science also play a great role in molding manual dexterity skills and comprehensively enhance a student’s higher-level skills such as observation, measurement of scie ntific units as well as being deductive, predictive and conclusive. Experiments also play greater roles in boosting the students’ critical attitude. This ability to positively criticize existing scientific facts is what always leads to new discoveries in science. Students are also likely to give a scientific process a deeper scrutiny and cleverly come up with better ways of tackling experimental procedures. The habit of seeing problems and seeking for their solutions is always installed on the students through scientific problems.

Is Current UK Government Policy On Training And Development Fit For Essay

Is Current UK Government Policy On Training And Development Fit For Purpose - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that the policy of the United Kingdom on training and development is reflected in the document, Further education-new horizon: Investing in skills for sustainable development, produced by the United Kingdom Department for Business, Innovation & Skills or BIS. One important feature of the UK government policy is that â€Å"the case for state investment is strongest for young people and those with low skills†. In particular, the focus is on â€Å"young people aged 19 up to 24†.   However, â€Å"the further education resource budget will be reduced by 25%†. This is a very important feature of the UK government policy on training on development. The UK â€Å"will progressively introduce a new loan facility, which will remove grant funding from the 2013/14 academic year, providing the capacity to sustain learner participation with government-backed fee loans for individuals aged 24 or over studying at qualifications at leve l 3 and above†. BIS elaborated â€Å"there will be no up-front costs and the repayments made on an income-contingent basis.† In addition, â€Å"the government has made available  £129m in 2013-14 and  £398m in 2014-15 for these fee loans†. The BIS claims, however, that while public investment will be reduced, the UK government will â€Å"free the sector from top-down targets and direction to enable a truly demand-led system to develop†. The government will seek â€Å"greater contributions from individuals and employers who benefit most and can afford to pay†. For 2011-12, â€Å"the total Teaching and Learning budget will be  £3.1bn, of which  £605m will be earmarked for adult apprenticeships†. However, spending on adult apprenticeships and, relative to the previous government, â€Å"will increase by up to  £250m by the end of the SR period†. Informal adult and community learning will be retained although they will be â€Å"r eformed†. There will also be â€Å"progression routes for those looking for a way into formal learning. Importantly, â€Å"there will also be helpful for those who are unemployed on active benefits†. The UK government policy on training and development comes with â€Å"fundamental policy changes†. The â€Å"Train Gain† will be abolished. â€Å"Funding for workplace training on SMEs will be prioritized†.

Rises in Rates of Cesarean Section Births

Rises in Rates of Cesarean Section Births In recent history, advancements in medical technology have resulted in an increase in labour and birth interventions. This has in turn, greatly increased caesarean section rates. Birth was once a natural, normal event in a woman’s life, however this has been replaced by a maternity system where intervention is routine and interferes with the normal physiological birth process, putting women and their babies at risk unnecessarily (Romano Lothian, 2008). Normal birth is associated with the best emotional and physical outcomes for women and their babies (New Zealand College of Midwives, 2009). However women have lost confidence in their own ability to give birth without the assistance of technological interventions. Where midwives previously spent their time supporting and comforting labouring women they now spend their time managing technology (Romano Lothian, 2008). This essay will discuss factors which promote or adversely affect the normal physiology of birth and how we can promote the normal physiology of birth within a public maternity hospital setting. Environmental factors which may negatively or positively affect the normal physiology of labour will also be explored. Normal physiological birth follows a natural sequence. Regular painful contractions of the uterus, stimulate and progress the cervix to efface and dilate along with foetal decent. This results in the spontaneous vaginal delivery of the baby and the placenta without complication to either mother or baby (Page McCandlish, 2006). It can be difficult to facilitate normal physiological birth within an environment dominated by a medical approach, where technology and medical expertise are highly valued. The midwife leaders need to show strong leadership to support all midwives. Midwives need to be well educated and competent in the facilitation of normal birth to increase the rate of normal physiological birth (Midwives experience of facilitating normal birth in an obstetric-led unit: a feminist perspective, 2009). Many of the factors that promote normal physiology are environmental in nature. When women are in labour they are extremely sensitive to feeling observed, disrupted or disturbed, this disrupts the natural hormone responses and progress of labour. Women generally find a warm environment preferable so that they feel comfortable to take off their clothing if they wish to do so. When women labour in a calm and quiet environment they feel a change in consciousness to a more primitive brain where birth instincts take over. Privacy and a home like environment also help to facilitate normal birth (Sara Wickham – Midwifery: Best practice, volume 5, 2008). Migrant women have reported that privacy is of particular importance to them (Hennegan, Redshaw Miller, 2014). Women benefit from freedom of movement during labour (Thies-Lagergren, Hildingsson, Christensson Kvist, 2013) and if given the opportunity will instinctively choose a variety of movements to help them cope with labour inclu ding walking, swaying, standing, leaning and the hands and knees position. Allowing freedom of movement benefits the mother in a number of ways including comfort, shortening labour, increased uterine contractions and less need for pharmacologic pain relief. It can also correct poor progress, malposition and sometimes foetal heart rate anomalies (Romano Lothian, 2008). When women push spontaneously without being coached they are less likely to require suturing from trauma and have less pelvic floor dysfunction than women who are coached to push (Romano Lothian, 2008). The AWHONN (2013) recommends women should not push until they feel the urge to push and should do so spontaneously without direction. Women’s experiences of control during labour and birth are overwhelmingly associated with their involvement in the decision making process (Christiaens, 2010). The process of writing a birth plan also increases a woman’s feelings of control as it gives her the opportunity to think about possible scenario’s and plan her responses and choices (Kuo, Hsu, Yang, Chang, Tsao Lin, 2010). Freedom to move around, scream out or make decisions about who enters the birthing space contributes further to the perception of control (Ford, 2009). Women also feel more in control if they have access to information during labour (Tiedje Price, 2008). Health care providers can help to facilitate a woman’s access to information by answering any questions she may have allowing her to make informed choices. When women feel a sense of personal security, derived from feeling respected, trusted and supported by the health care provider who is looking after them, they will experience less fear and an increased feeling of control (Meyer, 2012). Continuous support for women in labour from a female with specialised training is thought to reduce anxiety and stress hormones known to cause vasoconstriction and lower uterine blood flow, which may slow down progress and potentially harm the foetus. Continuous support is said to increase the chance of a spontaneous vaginal birth, lower the use of analgesia, epidural, risk of caesarean and instrumental delivery (Sosa, Crozier Robinson, 2012; Romano Lothian, 2008). These are all important factors in the facilitation and promotion of normal birth and positively affect the woman’s labour and birth environment. There are also many factors that adversely affect the normal physiology of birth, including induction of labour which increases a women’s need for analgesia or epidural and puts her baby at an increased risk of needing neonatal resuscitation. Induction of labour also increases a woman’s risk of caesarean section, instrumental birth, shoulder dystocia, intrapartum fever, low birthweight babies and admission to neonatal intensive care (Tracey et al, 2007). Augmentation of labour can be a tempting option to speed up labour, however amniotomy and oxytocin administration are not without risk. Options such as changing position and talking to women about their emotions, which are low or not risk options, can be as effective and more pleasant for labouring women (Romano Lothian, 2008). Amniotomy can increase the risk of infection, may cause pressure injuries or ruptured placental veins or arteries resulting in significant foetal blood loss. It is also associated with cord prol apse (Cohain, 2013). If amniotomy is carried out early in pregnancy it can set off a cascade of intervention and increase the risk of caesarean section. If labour is still not progressing oxytocin is usually administered and makes contractions stronger and more difficult to cope with as it is exogenous and does not cross the blood-brain barrier, so endorphins are not released to decrease pain perception (Romano Lothian, 2008). Oxytocin administration also puts women at risk of hyperstimulation (Selin, Almstrom, Wallin Berg, 2009). Other interventions such as intravenous cannula and electronic foetal monitoring are also used in this intervention and there is an increase in other interventions such as epidurial which all have added risks. Amniotomy should only be used if progress is truly abnormal while oxytocin augmentation should only be used if labour is truly prolonged with sluggish uterine activity (Romano Lothian, 2008). Epidural analgesia relaxes the pelvic floor muscles mak ing foetal decent and rotation difficult (Al-Metwalli, Mostafa Mousa, 2012). The absence of pain in labour can interfere with the natural oxytocin release. There is also a risk of hypotension so electronic foetal monitoring is used along with an intravenous cannula. Women who use this type of pain relief are less likely to have a vaginal birth and at a higher risk of instrumental delivery, prolonged labour and fever. Their babies are more likely to have infection (Romano Lothian, 2008). All of these interventions carry risks to mother and baby and adversely impact upon the normal physiological birth process. Some of the environmental factors that adversely affect the normal progress of labour include restriction of eating and drinking which began in the1940’s when general anaesthetic was commonly used in obstetrics to reduce the chance of aspiration. General anaesthetic is now rare in obstetrics as is aspiration due to the use of airway protection. Women prefer to have the choice to eat and drink during labour and there is no benefit in restricting them to do so (Singata, Tranmer Gyte, 2013). When women are prevented from eating or drinking they are hydrated with iv fluids, this is also used to access a vein in case of an emergency. Although emergencies do happen there is no evidence to suggest iv access in low risk labouring women improves outcomes. Women with Intravenous lines are not free to move around, may have increased stress levels, may result in fluid overload in both mother and foetus and does not adequately hydrate or provide nutrients. Continuous foetal monitoring has been found to reduce neonatal seizures when babies have been exposed to high doses of oxytocin but has not been linked to positive long term outcomes. It does however increase the risk of caesarean section and instrumental delivery without a clear benefit to the baby and reduces the mother’s ability to mobilise (Alfirevic, Devane Gyte, 2013). These environmental factors have a negative affect on a woman’s normal progress in labour and should be avoided if possible. A midwife-led continuity of care model has been found to benefit women and their babies in a number of ways when compared with medical and shared models of care. Benefits include decreased use of epidural, less episiotomies and instrumental births and less preterm birth or loss of baby prior to 24 weeks gestation. Women also had more chance of having a spontaneous vaginal delivery. As a result a midwife-led continuity of care model gives women the best chance of having a normal physiological birth (Sandall, Soltani, Gates, Shennan Devane, 2013). For a midwife to promote the normal physiological birth process and give effective and appropriate care, she needs to establish a relationship with women antenatally. It is important for the midwife to get to know each woman and her wishes and dreams for her impending birth (New Zealand College of Midwives, 2009). This allows a partnership of trust and respect and helps to alleviate any fears or anxieties and share appropriate and correct information before the birth. When women talk about their fears with the midwife, she will be better informed and able to provide woman centred care (Pairman, Tracy, Thorogood Pincombe, 2010). Midwives need to use evidenced based practice staying within their scope of practice. Whenever a midwife interacts with a woman, she needs to support normal physiological birth and the natural cascade of normal labour. Every interaction she has with a woman affects this cascade either positively or negatively (New Zealand College of Midwives, 2009). When wome n are in labour midwives need to consider the woman’s birth plan while maintaining a private warm room. It is also important to encourage her to find a comfortable position with appropriate comforts such as pillows and beanbags. Encouraging partners to support women by providing drinks, cool washers, and other physical support is an important midwifery role (Pairman, Tracy, Thorogood Pincombe, 2010). Midwives need to be unobtrusive and well prepared with safety equipment. When women are in the second stage of labour midwives need to encourage position changes to help decent where appropriate. Soothing hot compresses can be used on the perineum and vulva while the midwife gives clear and calm reassurance until the baby is born and given to the mother for skin to skin contact. These factors will help midwives to facilitate the normal physiological birth process (Pairman, Tracy, Thorogood Pincombe, 2010). Midwives need to practice cultural safety by reflecting on their own cul tural values and identity in an effort to recognise the impact their own culture has on their practice. It is important for midwives to understand their position of power within the healthcare system (Page McCandlish, 2006). It is in most women’s best interest to have a normal physiological labour and birth as it provides the best physical and emotional outcomes for both mothers and their babies. It is the midwife’s role to ensure birth proceeds as normally as possible and interventions are only used when absolutely necessary. To achieve this, midwives need to understand the factors that promote and adversely affect the normal physiological birth process and any environmental factors that may negatively or positively impact on a woman’s labour and birth. There are a number of different models of care available to pregnant women, however it has been found that a midwife-led continuity of care model gives the best possible chance for a normal physiological birth and labour. Midwives need to create a calm, quiet, culturally safe, supportive environment where women feel safe and secure to use their natural birthing instincts and encourage position changes where appropriate. The environme nt needs to be well equipped with comforts such as pillows and beanbags and any safety equipment that may be needed. Although it can be difficult to facilitate a normal physiological labour and birth within a medically dominated environment, if midwives have strong leadership and are well educated to facilitate normal physiological birth they are more likely to increase the rates of normal birth.

Play activity for children Essay

Play is an essential part of every child’s life and is vital for the enjoyment of childhood and as well as social, emotional, intellectual and physical development. Having the time and space to play allows children the chance to keep them physically active and it gives them the freedom to make their own choices about what they want to do. Research shows that play has a range of benefits to the child, family, and the community, as well as improving healthy and quality of life. Play also helps the child improve their self-esteem, self-awareness and self-respect, it gives child a chance to mix with others and develop new skills. Playing can help Manshu with her potty training, such as role-play with dolls could help Manshu understand all about what potty training involves. It could also make the child become much more relaxed about this step in life. For Jessica play (role-play with dolls) could help her understand all about her baby sister and what is happening in the changes at home in her life. Whilst children are in my care I will do my best to offer a range of activities for children to participate in, I will also allow children to give a choice in which activities that the want to participate in, as this will allow the child to become more independent. I feel that it is important for children to be encouraged to do as many activities as possible rather the same thing all the time. By rotating the toys that you have out available for the children to play with it means that they will be learning through play on a range of toys rather than being able to play with the same toys all the time. I think that i t is important that children learn about different cultures and that not all people have the same abilities, children can also learn about these topics through play using ethnic dolls, puzzles, books, art and crafts and cooking food from different cultures. This means having materials, toys, resources in your setting that reflect the diversity of our society. Thus play can help Manshu with her potty training, such as role-play with dolls could help Manshu understand all about what potty training involves. It could also make the child become much more relaxed about this step in life. For Jessica’s play (role-play with dolls) could help her understand all about her baby sister and what is happening in the changes at home in her life. Domestic routines that children can be involved in and how this supports their learning: Activity How can this benefit the child Helping to prepare snacks/food Helps children develop a good understanding of hygiene practices which helps develop personal, social & cognitive development. Using tools (suitable for children) to cut/prepare the food/snacks helps their sensory development and also builds their physical development. Setting the table at meal times This will help develop their independence, it also helps them to learn to follow instruction helping their language skills, matching children’s place mats to their cups & plates can also help learn matching skills, helping their cognitive development. Children could help to tidy up which would develop their social & emotional development. I would make a game out of this & count the things they pick up, helping their mathematic development. Hanging clothes on the line This will help their understanding of how the wind and heat dry things and how we use water for things and not others. Games can also be made of if this using the colours of clothing and pegs etc. Messy Play with Household items e.g. shaving foam, water Messy play encourages children to use their imagination and be creative which helps build self-confidence and self-esteem. Tidying up Children could help to tidy up which would develop their social & emotional development; I would make a game out of this & count the things they pick up, helping their mathematic development. Getting ready for the school run/going out Getting ready to go out children can learn about different body parts as they put on their coast, wellies etc. Then when outside you can help the child’s knowledge & understanding of the world. Climbing & playing on outdoor equipment helps a child’s physical development & co-ordination. It is easy to think about what learning can be achieved from a particular activity but I am aware that some activities may include potential weaknesses for some children, for example ‘preparing snacks and food’ and ‘setting the table’ will not be suitable for younger children in the same way that older children would not benefit from a ‘messy play activity’ which is why having a variety of activities the children can participate in on a daily basis is paramount to their learning. Through observing and keeping a written record of observations of children at play, is a way for you to learn how the child learns, what they enjoy, the development stage they are at and how to plan activities for that child. As children learn through play, when you observe them at play, you will learn the stage they are at, and this will allow you to plan for them individually. You will also learn what kind of learner the child is. Keeping a record of a child’s development is very important, so you can recognise if they are advancing or maybe falling behind some early learning goals. Observations are a great way of sharing information with parents too. Keeping observations will allow you to plan efficiently for each child, knowing where to focus some learning and for you to plan different challenges for the child to allow them to progress. Keeping a learning journal and incorporating your observations into this along with pictures and pieces of the child’s work, will a llow you to keep a good chronological diary of the child’s progress, and make planning run smoothly and well. Children need to be treated as individuals, equally and with respect. The children’s act 2004, has the requirement to treat all children as individuals, and with equal concern. Every single child is different, will enjoy different activities, dislike different activities, and have their own way of learning, through play, and other activities. It is the responsibility of the child carer to ensure they cater for each and every individual need. To do this effectively, you will need to plan for each child, taking observations, and get to know the children in your care well. Everyone that comes to your setting should be welcomed and respected, their beliefs and interests respected as well as their personalities, needs, values, abilities and interests. It is essential that you do not discriminate for any reason, and offer an inclusive environment, and cater and treat everyone equally. Meeting the individual needs of every child is so important, as this ensures they are receiving the best possible care, their rights are being met, opportunities, and an environment that lets them grow and learn at their own pace, securely, safely and happily. The rights of every child are paramount in childcare, when you acknowledge the rights and individuality of every child, you can offer an inclusive setting, where everyone is treated equally and with respect. The best interests of the child must be the primary consideration in all activities concerning the child, and children have the right to be protected from all forms of discrimination. Drop-in sessions can be invaluable in providing support and an opportunity to share ideas, good practice and resources. Planning special days out with the children to the park, museums, libraries etc. can help a child’s development. You could take a camera & let the children take photos, making a storybook all about your day. Meeting up with other childminders for picnics and other days out can help the children form new friendships & help you learn and develop by discussing different ways of play. Other forms of play you could do at home are ‘keep fit’ session, there are a lot of cd/DVDs out there that are made for kids & adults to do, children will find this lots of fun & will help develop their physical development. Whether the day is spent inside or out it should be both fun and informative for the  children and offer a variety in their learning. Although routine is great for children at times it may benefit the children for me to slightly change the routine for example whilst Manshu is potty training I may decide not to attend childminder drop-in or any other sessions to stay at home and develop her potty training in my home, once competent I would reintroduce the outings. Another example of when I might need to slightly alter a routine is if a child becomes unwell and is waiting to be collected early the other child(ren) may need to sacrifice their outing/activity to ensure that the unwell child is safe and comfortable until collected. Regardless of the activity I always adhere to The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the child act which was drawn up in 1989. The act consists of 54 articles stating that all children must be shown respect and that their well- being is the principle factor. The three main areas of this act include:  · Provision (access to food, clean water, housing, education, healthcare etc.)  · Protection (being safe from abuse and discrimination.)  · Participation (having their views heard and participating in making decisions.)