The Keynesian School Of Thought, The Monetarist School And...

This paper will examine three theories regarding economic performance. The Keynesian School of thought, the Monetarist School and the Austrian Business Cycle has different views on how the economy can improve during recessions or other economic downturns. Each is relevant to economic issues during The Great Depression in the 1930’s to the Great Recession in late 2000’s. This paper will discuss the history behind each theory, the specific views on key points in each school of theory and why the founders felt strongly about utilizing those particular concepts. Views on market response and the role of government regarding each philosophy will be considered as well. The Keynesian School During the midst of The Great Depression, John Maynard†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"The assumption of sticky prices is an essential underpinning of the IS-LM model†¦ as the theory of short-run fluctuations† (Ball Mankiw, 1994, para 2). When demand decreases because of a downturn in the stock market, for example, many businesses will either produce less of the product or stop selling it altogether. This in turn creates an imbalance between the price to make the product and the price to maintain employees who help make the product. Keynes’ economic theory focused on short-run alternatives. Aggregate demand or total spending was his main focus in regard to his general theory. Price level remains unchanged and real output grows rapidly creating an increase in aggregate demand; other things equal. Further declaring influence in aggregate demand, through economic intervention policies by the government, is the driving force for economic stimulation. In the 1930’s during the peak of The Great Depression the economy saw a decrease in demand because of rises in unemployment, GDP, and an alarming spike in inflation. Keynes purpose in focusing on the behavior of the economy through household and businesses versus the forces of free markets and individual and company behavior; was to prove that inducing aggregate demand could stabilize the economy from such horrid times. Keynes is known for stating â€Å"†¦in the long run, we are all dead† (Blinder, 2014). A large part of Keynes general theory lies onShow MoreRelatedThe Keynesian School Of Economic Thought1151 Words   |  5 Pages1) List three key concepts from the Keynesian School of economic thought: (25 points) At least one concept must describe the management of aggregate demand. a. The primary concept of the Keynesian School of economic thought revolved around the management of aggregate demand. The author of this idea, John Maynard Keynes, believed the economy was fundamentally unable to sustain itself at full employment. One of his proposed solutions to this was for the government to intervene to increase aggregateRead MoreThe Keynesian School Of Economic Thought1948 Words   |  8 Pagesgreat prosperity they have been recognized and titled as the Keynesian School of Economic Thought as this is a theory believing aggregate demand is influenced by public and private economic decisions. There is also the Monetarism School of Economic Thought which focuses on how the money supply has an effect on the economy and tries to have a stability in price level. A third theory also considered very important is the Austrian School of Economic Though as this theory is a believer of logical thinkingRead MoreGreat Depression7197 Words   |  29 Pageshave come and gone. Prosperity has always returned and will again.[10] The stock market turned upward in early 1930, returning to early 1929 levels by April, though still almost 30% below the peak of September 1929.[11] Together, government and business actually spent more in the first half of 1930 than in the corresponding period of the previous year. But consumers, many of whom had suffered severe losses in the stock market the previous year, cut back their expenditures by ten percent, and a severeRead MoreInflation Cause, Effects and Remedies11320 Words   |  46 Pageseconomic activity: The illusion of personal income growth beyond actual productivity may encourage consumption; housing investment may increase in anticipation of future price appreciation; business investment in plants and equipment may accelerate as prices rise more rapidly than costs; and personal, business, and government borrowers realize that loans will be repaid with money that has potentially less purchasing power. A greater concern is the growing pattern of chronic inflation characterizedRead MoreInflation Cause, Effects and Remedies11309 Words   |  46 Pageseconomic activity: The illusion of personal income growth beyond actual productivity may encourage consumption; housing investment may increase in anticipation of future price appreciation; business investment in plants and equipment may accelerate as prices rise more rapidly than costs; and personal, business, and government borrowers realize that loans will be repaid with money that has potentially less purchasing power. A greater concern is the growing pattern of chronic inflation characterized

Media and Cultural Influences on Sexual Orientation

Media and Culture Influence on Sexual Orientation Select a topic that interests you. Introduction. Media has great influence over the way people live their lives. The question is, do media or culture influence sexual orientation? Describe this social issue. Make the argument that this issue is important. Use anecdotal evidence (personal experiences) or statistical data to establish your arguments. Media and culture are important in America because they have great influence over people. They have a part in what people choose to buy, what they decide to wear, how they may do their makeup or hair, and their self-image. Media and culture affect how people see themselves, as well as their traditions, language, or cultural norms. Although media and culture can positively influence people by inspiring new ideas and lifestyles, there are definitely negative influences as well. According to The Eating Disorder Foundation, one third of women are on a diet at any given time, and over 10 million women are dealing with an eating disorder as well as low self-esteem in order to look like supermodels on television. Media and culture may even influence sexual orientation. Whether this is in a positive or negative way, This is important because whom a person is attracted to is not something someone can force to change. Being able to love someone for who they are despite gender similarities or differences is not something that should be discriminated against. Loving whom aShow MoreRelatedMen Who Have Sex With Men Essay1476 Words   |  6 Pagespersonal experience and is influenced by cultural norms. In the United States, sexual behavior and attitudes are driven by variations in gender, social class, ethnicity, and religion. In fact, sexuality is fluid and is different for everyone. It is a unique, diverse, complicated, secretive, and puzzling experience that is always changing. In essence sex is queer. In examining the definition of sexual orientation De Cecco (1981), reasons: Sexual orientation is one of the few areas of human behaviorRead MoreThe Media s The Most Powerful Entity On The Earth1564 Words   |  7 Pagesthe matter of media as a manipulative concept and that the media has a way t o shape the readers minds into only seeing the negative point of view of a either a victim or offender. In doing so, it entitles that they have a large amount of power, which influences society’s decisions on whether or not they can trust the criminal justice system as a whole. In a recent case that took place back in September of this year, involving a 15-year old aboriginal girl named Tina Fontaine, the media illustratesRead MoreThe Universe Of International Sports1657 Words   |  7 PagesIn the realm of international sports, for centuries and centuries, no one took into account the sexual orientations of athletes. For instance, the juxtaposition of the European based sport rugby, versus purely Americanized sports such as football and basketball in the way these communities have responded to their athletes coming out of the closet. In any American sport, there is media attention and moral and social questions of whether these individuals are still capable of playing the s port withoutRead MoreMedia And The Influence On Society958 Words   |  4 PagesThe Media and the Influence it has on Society Media plays a significant role in the way it can influence our culture. The media can produce positive and negative impacts on our society. It has the power to produce messages that can manipulate the way people think as well as influencing attitudes and actions taken towards the opposite sex. In the video Tough Guise: Violence, Media, and the Crisis in Masculinity Jackson Katz discusses that the rampant of male violence that affects American societyRead MoreHistorical Impact of The Stonewall Riots in Stonewall Essay1041 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Gay Revolution. This engaging book adds to the genre of sexual orientation discrimination. Carter extensively analyzes the various factors that played a role in igniting the Stonewall riots and the historical impact that the riots had on the Gay Revolution and movement for gay equality. Through the use of interviews, newspapers, and maps, Carter argues that the riots were a product of many geographical, social, political, and cultural f actors. Carter further argues that the riots ultimately ledRead MoreThe Nature And Nurture Of The Human Sexuality932 Words   |  4 PagesThis debate is concerned with the extent to which particular aspects of behaviour reflects the influence of genetically arranged maturity or wether it comes from learning and experience. This essay will explain to what extent human sexuality is the result of nature or nurture, it will also relate sexuality to the Biopsychosocial model. The nature part of the human sexuality is the expression of sexual sensation and related intimacy between human beings, it is a natural behaviour of what makes usRead MoreSocio-Cultural Influences On Sexuality. Socio-Cultural1156 Words   |  5 PagesSocio-Cultural Influences on Sexuality Socio-cultural influence plays a major role in sexual behaviors. It gives a better comprehension on why men are men and women are women. These socio-cultural are influenced by physical, emotional, cultural and economic aspects. Time and time again research has proven that socio-cultural influences have a significant role in human sexuality. Culture is the manner of life of the people. Thus, culture shapes the ideas of what behaviors are acceptable for men andRead MoreStratification And Social Mobility On A Person s Chances For A Higher Life Expectancy Essay1681 Words   |  7 PagesThe idea that stratification and social mobility can influence a person’s chances for a higher life expectancy is very possible. The concept of â€Å"stratification is defined as the structural ranking of an entire group of people that maintains unequal economic benefits and power within society.† This system allows individuals opportunities only based on the tier that they occupy. â€Å"Th ere are four major systems of stratification which are slavery, caste, estate and class.† â€Å"The current stratificationRead MoreMoney Makes The World Go Round1532 Words   |  7 Pagesperiods of different influences like wars and industrialization, but perhaps the biggest of all time would be the era of The Media. We as consumers, provide the monetary power that provides that influence to the world. Most of the environment of almost every child 10 and above, growing up in the United States or any industrialized country, is the everyday use of different forms of media. Essentially it amounts to the creation of a new source of socialization. Of course the media has become part ofRead MoreAn Individual’S Sexual Curiosity In And Enticement To Other1095 Words   |  5 Pagesindividual’s sexual curiosity in and enticement to other individuals; having stimulating feelings and experiences, speak to human sexuality. Different from sexuality, biological sex is classified through genetics, anatomy, hormones and physiology; female or male. An individual s intelligence of their own gender refers to gender identity or sociocultural classification, which is also set apart from sexuality; however, it is constructed on biological sex and shapes sexual orientation. Sexuality is

Business Strategy Forecasting Industry Profitability

Question: Discuss about the Business Strategy for Forecasting Industry Profitability. Answer: Introduction: As the multinational companies entered the bottled water industry of US, the level of competition within the industry increased to great extent. During the period of 2002-2012, the level of competition is expected to rise to greater folds as the major brands like the PepsiCo, Coca-Cola, Nestle and Danone. These companies are going to use aggressive marketing strategies in order to gain the competitive advantage. In the year 2001, the volume of the bottle water industry has rise to 11% for the last four years. The per capita drinking of the bottled water in US is just 60 liters compared to that of 92 liters in the Western European countries. However in the next few years this difference is expected to be minimized as the people of US are becoming more aware about the importance of mineral water. At present there are two types of bottled water that is available in the market of US, which includes the spring water and purified water. In the next few years the market is expected to be dominated by the purified form of bottled water. The marketing channels that are used by the bottled water companies are also likely to be increased, which will help in the process of supply chain distribution. The channel of distribution is also expected to be expanded to increase to both off-trade and on-trade forms. However, the premium brands are expected to distribute their products using the on-trade channels as it will help in the main of the reputation of the brands. However, with the help of off-trade channels it is possible for the small scale bottled water companies to dominate the market. By the year of 2012, the bottled water industry of US is expected to have greater level of profit as the demand of package water is likely to increase. The efficiency level of the supply chain of bottled water is also likely to increase due to the introduction of the innovative techniques. The aggressive marketing strategies of the large scale companies will also help to boost sales. Assessing strategic Positing The Coca-Cola Company was slow while entering the market of bottled water in the United Sates. However, with the launch of the Dasanai in 1999, the company was able to make significant profit in the sector. The company became the third largest company of bottled water company. The PepsiCo on the other hand, entered the market of bottled water with the help of the brand name of PepsiCo. At the initial stage the company was able to make significant profit. However, with the help of the as the Dasnai brand entered the market of US bottled water industry in the year of 1999, the PepsiCo faced a major challenge. The Danone is considered to be one the oldest company of bottled water. One of the main aims of the company was to be the leading global brand of bottled water. The Nestle has also able to enter the market with the help of the acquisition of the Vittel in the year 1969. Moreover, after the acquisition of the San Pellegrino in 2001, the company has able to gain significant competitive advantage. However, out of all the companies, the Coca-Cola Company with the brand name of Dasanai is predicted to make the maximum profit in the coming 10 years. The reason for the success of the company is due to the fact is because of the following reasons. It is the latest brand for bottled water, which uses the innovative way of purifying water. They used aggressive marketing strategies, which helped them to make competitive advantage. They use both on and off trade policies, which helps them to distribute their products in wide range of areas. The Coca-Cola company was able to gain the completive advantage due to the as they used aggressive marketing strategy. The target of the Dasani brand is to incorporate the policies, which will help them to target the younger generation of the society. The brand name of Coca-Cola is the biggest strength of the company, which will help them to gain the reputation in the market. However, as the company use spring water, the price of the water is excessively high. This is one of the major weaknesses of the company. Lower the price of the products. Spread the awareness among the people about the importance of the drinking purified water. Add important minerals in the bottled water, which helps to maintain the health of a person. Assessing the launch of JetStar in the Australian Domestic market The Jetstar Airways is one of the leading brands of Australia and is famous for providing low cost air travel service. The company launched its commercial operations in the year 2004, which consisted of 100,000 promotional fares options. The network of the company is extended to 14 different airports of Australia. One of the main reasons for the success of the success of the company is due to the lower price that is available in the market. The business model that is used by the company is based on the ideas related to the business ideas of all the low cost airline companies of the world. They used all the best features of these companies, which helped them to gain popularity over small period. They were also able to have independent about the IT regulations within the company, which helped them to make use of the independent decisions about the regulations. The Jetstar has been one able to introduce direct flight between all the major cities of Australia, with short-haul. They have also employed skilled technicians, who have been ability to do minor repair works is short interval of time. This help to save lot of time, which enables them to increase the total number of flight. Unlike the competitors of the like the Virgin group, OzJet, which do not allow last minute booking of flight, Jetstar have allowed the booking even in the last moment. The Jetstar also offered low cost international airlines in important cities of Christchurch. The price of the tickets of all other flights of includes the expense of the food and beverage that is being provided in the flight. However, the Jetstar have the policy to offer the option of lower tickets as the passengers may not like to have food for short distance flights. The management of Jetstar has gained significant experience from the failure of airlines, which has been operated by Quantas. Being a major subdivision of Quantas, the Jetstar has been able to gain significant experience about the operation of low cost air travels. Recommendations for Jetstar in the international market As the demand for the air travel is going to increase in the coming years it is important for the airline operators like Jetstar to increase the total number of lower cost flights. This will help the airline company to gain significant profit. The company needs to expend the market in the smaller cities of Australia, which will help them to provide good market for the cheaper budgets air travel. The company needs to encourage the passengers to purchase online tickets, which will help them to save the cost of agents. Discounts offer on online booking will also ensure that more customers are using the online booking facility. It will help the customers to get the extra discounts and also allow the airline company to save the cost of agents. The company can also reduce the total number of cabin crews, which will help to reduce the expense on employees. The flight also needs to have more seats, which will allow more number of passengers. With the help of the aggressive marketing policies, it is possible for the company to gain the competitive advantage in the tough airline industry. One of the requirements of aggressive form of marketing is to provide cost-effective air rides, which will encourage even the middle class of the society to travel by air instead of other cheaper modes of communication. Cocnclusion: The level of security is also a matter of concern and the Jetstar need to ensure that due to lower price, the security of the passengers are not compromised. They also need to assure the passengers about the high level of security that is being provided by the company as due to the past terrorist attacks like the one of 9/11 in USA, there are many people, who fear to take flight trips. The company needs to employ more staffs in the security department. Hence, with the help of effective future plans, it is possible for the airline company to sustain the future of the industry. The company needs to have strict actions for the overall management of the flight journey. The level of customer satisfaction is one of the prime criteria for the success of the airline companies. Jetstar needs to have online survey and customer feedback system. It is also important to suggestions from the customers, which will help them to get the idea about the changes that need to make in each of the flights.

Invisible Man Timed Writing free essay sample

Ashley Black Mrs. Gill AP Lit. 4th hour 20 September 2013 Invisible Man Timed Writing Everyone experiences that one pivotal moment in their life where everything changes; this moment defines who one is and establishes one’s place in the world. In Ralph Ellison’s novel, Invisible Man, the narrator experiences his pivotal moment when he burns all of the papers in his briefcase. This moment shapes the meaning of the novel as a whole by emphasizing invisibility and self-discovery Throughout the novel the narrator is constantly changing his identity in order to please his superiors and make something of himself in the world. This is demonstrated when the narrator does everything he can to be a model student and please his headmaster, Dr. Bleedsoe. This is also explicated when he changes his name—in other words his identity—to become a speaker for the Brotherhood. In each of these instances the narrator changes who is only to be used and abused and exploited. We will write a custom essay sample on Invisible Man Timed Writing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, no matter how many times he finds out that he is being used he continues to do whatever he can to please those around him. It is not until the narrator experiences his pivotal moment that he finally stops trying to please everyone and starts living for himself. By forsaking the Brotherhood through his pivotal moment, the narrator finally realizes that he had just been a tool used by all of those who he had trusted and looked up to. No one ever sees him for who he really is; he is invisible. As a result, he comes to the revelation that pleasing them at the cost of his identity will get him nowhere in the world. Therefore, by burning all of the papers that identify him, he is burning all of the identities that society has created for him in order to create his own. Moving on, the meaning of the author’s work as a whole is discovering one’s self at one’s own expense. In other words not losing yourself to the competitive nature of society by becoming what others wants you to be. The  narrator’s pivotal moment enhances this meaning through its introduction of invisibility and self-discovery. To illustrate, when the author burns all of the papers that identify him, he finally realizes that he is invisible. Those around him do not see him even though he has done everything he could to please them. He has no identity. Thus, the only way for him to gain his own identity is to stop obeying what society says and becoming what society want him to becom e. As he realizes that what the world around him has made him is not who he wants to be the narrator discovers himself. This once again connects back to the author’s meaning of not losing one’s self to society. Ralph Ellison’s, Invisible Man, effectively exemplifies a Bildungsroman. It does this by containing a character that undergoes a discovery, one that explicates his â€Å"coming of age,† which is incited when he burns all of the papers in his briefcase that identify him. This pivotal moment allows the narrator to acquire a new understanding of who he is and contributes to the author’s meaning of not losing one’s self to society by emphasizing invisibility and self-discovery.